数智化转型对企业供应链韧性的影响研究

洪元元，王宁，刘晓康，郜永洁

（郑州大学 商学院，河南 郑州 450001）

摘要：在智能经济新形态加速形成的背景下，增强供应链韧性是企业应对外部冲击、实现高质量发展的内在要求，而数智化转型则为企业提升供应链韧性提供了关键支撑。本文以2010—2024年沪深A股上市公司为样本，结合文本分析与机器学习方法刻画企业数智化转型水平，并检验其对供应链韧性的影响。结果表明，数智化转型能够提升企业供应链韧性，在经过多种稳健性检验及内生性处理后，上述结论仍然成立。机制检验结果显示，数智化转型主要通过提升内部控制能力、优化资源配置能力及增强运营响应能力三条路径增强企业供应链韧性。异质性分析显示，上述效应在外部环境不确定性高、行业竞争度高、非管制性行业、中小规模企业的样本中更为突出。本文为加快企业数智化建设、提升产业链供应链安全稳定水平提供了经验证据。

基金项目：国家社会科学基金一般项目“中国城市收缩的演进动态、投资抑制效应及应对策略研究”（25BJY168）；河南省软科学研究计划重大项目“河南省进一步深化科技体制改革提升创新体系整体效能对策研究”（252400411003）；河南省教育科学规划重大课题“智能化时代教育变革问题研究”（2025JKZB01）

关键词：数智化转型；企业供应链韧性；内部控制能力；资源配置能力；运营响应能力

作者简介：洪元元，郑州大学商学院博士研究生；王宁，郑州大学商学院教授、博士生导师；刘晓康，郑州大学商学院博士研究生，通信作者；郜永洁，郑州大学商学院博士研究生。

引用格式：洪元元，王宁，刘晓康，等. 数智化转型对企业供应链韧性的影响研究[J]. 首都经济贸易大学学报，2026，28（4）：131-144.

The Impact of Digital-Intelligent Transformation on Enterprise Supply Chain Resilience

HONG Yuanyuan, WANG Ning, LIU Xiaokang, GAO Yongjie

(Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001)

Abstract: Improving supply chain resilience has become an essential requirement for firms to withstand external shocks and achieve high-quality development. Meanwhile, digital-intelligent transformation is reshaping firms' information processing, organizational governance, and supply chain coordination. Based on A-share listed firms on the Shanghai  and Shenzhen stock exchanges in China from 2010 to 2024, this study constructs a firm-level digital-intelligent transformation indicator using text analysis and machine learning methods, and examines its impact on corporate supply chain resilience.

The results show that digital-intelligent transformation significantly improves corporate supply chain resilience. This conclusion remains robust after a series of robustness tests and endogeneity treatments. Mechanism tests indicate that digital-intelligent transformation enhances supply chain resilience mainly through three channels. First, it strengthens internal control capacity by improving process monitoring, data traceability, and risk identification in key operational links. Second, it optimizes resource allocation capacity by enhancing the efficiency of data integration, demand prediction, and factor matching. Third, it improves operational responsiveness by enabling firms to respond more quickly to order changes, inventory fluctuations, supply disruptions, and market demand shocks.

Heterogeneity analysis reveals that the positive effect of digital-intelligent transformation is more pronounced among firms facing higher external environmental uncertainty, those in more competitive industries, those in non-regulated industries, and small and medium-sized firms. Further analysis reveals that digital-intelligent transformation can improve firms' risk-taking level by strengthening supply chain resilience, indicating that supply chain resilience not only helps firms defend against external shocks but also supports strategic investment, innovation, and market expansion under uncertainty.

This study contributes to relevant literature in several ways. First, it incorporates digital-intelligent transformation and supply chain resilience into a unified analytical framework. Second, it improves the measurement of firm-level digital-intelligent transformation. Third, it identifies the mechanisms through which digital-intelligent transformation reshapes supply chain resilience. Fourth, it reveals the boundary conditions of this effect. Finally, it extends the economic consequence analysis of supply chain resilience by linking it to corporate risk-taking. The findings imply that policymakers should promote digital-intelligent transformation, improve digital infrastructure and public service platforms, and encourage firms to integrate digital-intelligent technologies into supply chain management practices. Targeted support should be provided according to firms' external environment, industry characteristics, and size differences, thereby better enhancing supply chain resilience and promoting high-quality development.

Keywords: digital and intelligent transformation; enterprise supply chain resilience; internal control capabilities; resource allocation capabilities; operational responsiveness capabilities

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