促进数字消费高质量发展：一种新消费实践的新兴古典经济学分工理论解释

曾世宏¹，夏杰长²

（1. 湖南科技大学商学院，湖南湘潭 411201；2. 中国社会科学院财经战略研究院，北京 100006）

摘要：数字消费的本质是数字技术进步推动分工深化与协作协同的双重产物，数字技术通过提升交易效率，从根本上打破了传统消费分工的时空与成本约束，更依托超人格理性的数字化链接方式，构建起精准、高效的非人格化协作模式，在推动分工网络从生产端向消费端全方位拓展深化的同时，实现不同分工主体的无缝对接与高效协同，让专业化经济在数字消费领域得到充分释放。数字消费主体、技术、空间的分工与协作双轮驱动共同推动数字消费规模持续扩张与运行效率稳步提升。当前数字消费发展的核心困境是分工协同不足与协作机制缺失并存，须通过优化主体权利平衡、强化技术场景深度融合、促进空间资源均衡配置、完善多元协同治理规则，推动分工体系与协作机制向公平、高效、协同的方向演进，让数字化协作的超人格理性贯穿分工全流程，最终实现数字消费高质量发展。

基金项目：国家自然科学基金管理科学部应急管理项目“数字中国高质量发展的实施路径与保障机制研究”（72541020）；国家社会科学基金一般项目“平台经济下‘长尾’消费的嬗变机制与提升路径研究”（24BJY034）

关键词：数字消费；劳动分工理论；高质量发展；新兴古典经济学；超人格理性

作者简介：曾世宏，湖南科技大学商学院教授、博士生导师；夏杰长，中国社会科学院财经战略研究院研究员、博士生导师。

引用格式：曾世宏,夏杰长.促进数字消费高质量发展:一种新消费实践的新兴古典经济学分工理论解释[J].首都经济贸易大学学报,2026,28(2):39-50.

Promoting the High-Quality Development of Digital Consumption as a New Consumption Practice: An Explanation Based on the Neoclassical Economics Theory of Division of Labor

ZENG Shihong¹, XIA Jiechang²

(1. Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan 411201;

2. Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, Beijing 100006)

Abstract: The essence of digital consumption is a deepened division of labor and collaborative synergy driven by digital technologies, whose development relies on division and collaboration across subject, technological and spatial dimensions. However, insufficient division synergy and a lack of effective collaborative mechanisms are core bottlenecks restricting its high-quality development. Only by optimizing the division system and collaboration mechanisms toward fairness and efficiency, and by embedding digital collaboration's impersonal rationality into the whole division process, can high-quality development be achieved.

Digital technology restructures consumption-oriented division and collaboration by breaking time, space, and cost constraints, improving transaction efficiency, reducing costs, and extending the division of labor network. Additionally, it builds an efficient impersonal collaboration model, realizing seamless connections among actors and providing a digital foundation for the synergy logic of division and collaboration.

The integration of refined division and collaborative synergy supports digital consumption expansion and efficiency improvement. Digital technology extends division across production, distribution, exchange, and consumption, forming a specialized system and a prosumer model. The impersonal model matches specialized production with personalized demand, maximizing specialization gains and social welfare.

China's digital consumption faces bottlenecks, including unequal rights and digital gaps between consumers and platforms, technology-application disconnection, unbalanced regional digital infrastructure, and lagging governance. To address these, efforts focus on balancing subject rights, promoting technology-scenario integration, optimizing spatial allocation, and improving multi-stakeholder governance, to optimize systems and unify scale, efficiency, and fairness.

Balancing scale expansion and equitable development is the key to breaking through the bottlenecks of digital consumption. Only by organic integrating technological efficiency with institutional fairness can the division of labor and collaboration in digital consumption reach a higher level. This not only helps release the potential of digital consumption in a broader scope but also lays a solid foundation for its sustainable and high-quality development.

Keywords: digital consumption; division of labor theory; Neoclassical Economics; high-quality development; impersonal rationality

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