智能经济治理：应对技术颠覆性变革的制度弹性建设研究

刘伟¹，曾庆松²

（1. 中国人民大学经济学院，北京 100872；2. 北京市司法局人民参与和促进法治处，北京 101149）

摘要：随着智能经济崛起，技术颠覆性变革在促进新质生产力发展的同时，也引发了数据产权界定模糊、数字平台垄断、人才技能错配等治理难题，传统制度体系难以解决上述问题。本文通过系统探讨智能经济、制度弹性等相关理论，从产权制度、市场制度、创新制度角度分析了智能经济发展对弹性治理制度建设的需求。本文针对当前亟待完善的产业升级治理真空、数据配置短板、技能错配等制度缺口，从数据治理重构、竞争政策优化、教育培训革新、科研生态建设和多元协同治理等方面提出了助力智能经济发展的政策建议，为推进智能经济高质量发展与全球技术变革背景下的治理能力建设提供了理论依据。

基金项目：北京市社会科学基金重大项目“新时代中国经济学标识性概念研究”（25BJ01001）

关键词：智能经济；新质生产力；技术颠覆性变革；制度弹性；经济治理

作者简介：刘伟，中国人民大学经济学院教授、博士生导师；曾庆松，北京市司法局人民参与和促进法治处职员，经济学博士。

引用格式：刘伟,曾庆松.智能经济治理:应对技术颠覆性变革的制度弹性建设研究[J].首都经济贸易大学学报,2026,28(2):3-15.

Intelligent Economic Governance: Constructing Institutional Flexibility in Response to Technological Disruptive Change

LIU Wei¹, ZENG Qingsong²

(1. Renmin University, Beijing 100872;

2. Beijing Municipal Bureau of Justice, Beijing 101149)

Abstract: While the rise of the intelligent economy has spawned new quality productive forces, it has caused governance problems such as fuzzy data property rights, monopoly of digital platforms, and mismatch of talents and skills. The traditional rigid institutional system is difficult to deal with these problems effectively. This study systematically discusses the theoretical connotation of intelligent economy and institutional flexibility, and analyzes the internal demand of intelligent economy development for flexible governance from the perspectives of the property rights system, market system, and innovation system. Based on the theory of "creative destruction" and the perspective of adaptive efficiency, this study finds that institutional flexibility, as a dynamic adjustment of rules, multi-subject coordination, and risk prevention and control mechanism in the institutional system, can play an adaptive, inclusive and repairable role in coping with the impact of technological change. Intelligent economic governance needs to seek a dynamic balance between innovation incentives and stable expectations. At the level of the property rights system, it is necessary to break through the traditional property rights framework, establish a dynamic adaptation mechanism for the separation of data "use property rights", "income rights" and "control rights", provide a more inclusive system for disruptive technological innovation and R&D, and build a collaborative supervision mechanism for cross-border data flow. At the market system level, it should build an inclusive market access mechanism, establish a "risk classification + dynamic supervision" model, strengthen anti-monopoly law enforcement, and promote multiple collaborative governance of government, enterprises, and social organizations. At the level of the innovation system, it is necessary to build a risk-sharing mechanism for R&D investment, establish a "regulatory sandbox" to provide fault-tolerant trial and error space, and alleviate the mismatch of talents and skills through the reform of the education system and the lifelong learning system.

Given the current institutional gaps such as the governance vacuum in the industrial upgrading and reconstruction of intelligent economic governance, the short board of property rights and circulation mechanism of data factor allocation, and the mismatch of talents and skills caused by new technological changes, the following policy implications are put forward: Policymakers should (1) reconstruct the data governance system and build a classified and hierarchical flexible property rights and dynamic regulatory framework; (2) balance the relationship between innovation and competition to optimize the market governance policy with dynamic efficiency as the core; (3) innovate the education and training system of knowledge and skills and build a lifelong learning system covering the whole career; (4) standardize the paradigm of scientific research organization and strengthen basic research investment and open collaborative innovation network; (5) innovate public governance mechanisms and build an adaptive governance system with multiple synergies among government, market and society.

Keywords: intelligent economy; new quality productive forces; disruptive technological change; institutional resilience; economic governance

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